Combustion engine piston



July 12, 1949. s. D; HARTOG COMBUSTION ENGINE PISTON Filed Jan. 5, 1948INVENTOR Patented July 12, 1949 UNITED 7 STATES PATENT;OFFICE COMBUSTIONENGINE PISTON 7 Stephen D. Hartog, Normandy Township, Mo.i

Application January 5, 1948,.Serial No. 569

This specification, aided by the accompanying drawing. disclosesimprovements in combustion engine pistons. The invention consistsofstructural provisions formed'in the piston adapted for co-operation withan assembly order of parts and their mode of operation.

In common practice the cylinder engaging slide portionof the piston isprovided with a predetermined dimension less than the bore of thecylinder and the rimmed crown head portion is dimensionedproportionately less than the size of the slide portion, the purpose ofwhich is to provide an allowance adequate for the expan sionof thepiston due to heat, therefore, the slide portion is initially loose inthe cylinder, and the rimmed crown head portion being less in size thanthe slide fails to provide any'slidable'surface for the piston. V Aloose fitting piston decreases effective compression, permits theescapage of gas which dilutes the lubricant and the slap, resulting fromthe loose fit of the piston, induces vibration causing increased wear.

The object therefore of the improvements embodied in the structure ofpiston as outlined in the drawing, is: To provide a combustion enginepiston capable of contactingly engaging the surface of the cylinderslidable over the entire circumferential surface of the piston. Toprovide,v a combustion engine piston having the capacity of yieldingresponse under the influence of heat yet capable of maintaining constantan accurate circumferential dimension of the piston. To provide a pistonequipped with an assembly order of parts, having low thermalconductivity and therefore of low thermal expansion ratio. To provide anassembly order of parts for a combustion engine piston adapted toprovide a closure for openings formed in the crown head andslide body ofthe piston, including: heat expansion restraining means andinsulationmeans for the crown portion of the piston. V i

For the purpose more clearly to understand the expressed objects, andother attending objects, the following description is given, and by aidof the accompanying drawing, it is discernible:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the piston.

Fig. 2 is a view in elevation having an exposed area as formed aboveseverance line I and viewed as of lines 2-2 of Fig. l. i

Fig. 315 a view of the interior of the piston,

Fig. 4 is an enlarged plan view of an assembly part. i

Fig. 5 is a plan view of a fragmentary portion of the crown of thepiston.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged view in elevation partly in'fsection ofmemberparts of the assembly and B'-6 of Fig. 4- and viewed as arrowindicated line lines 6-6 of Fig-'1."

Fig. fl is an enlarged plan view of a disc member of the assembly. a

The piston outlined in the drawing comprises a cylinder engaging slidebody I0, apertured piston-pin bosses ll, a crown I2,-a'n aperture H3 inthe crown and strength 're-inforcement ribs I4 formed within the piston.The crown 12 is provided with a counter-{sunk surface l5, and in orderto create the requisite yieldable capacity particularly withinthe-region of the crown of the piston; a series of slits iii are formedthrough the crown l2 extending axially lengthwise part way thr'ough'theslide bodyJll, and within the perimeter of the-slide body spacedmarginally from the-surface of the crown 12, a plurality of slots I? areformed in a horizontal plan relative to, the lengthwise axis of thepiston, the slots ll extendin radially inward from the perimeterterminating in the provision of arcuately formed surfaces 18. V 1

Adapted for assembly and proper arrangement with the piston as formed isan assembly order of parts comprising a disc l9 having a series ofapertures 20. plates 2! having arcuately formed surfaces 22 and-23including aperture 24, and plates more properly termed, closure-bars,25. The closure bars 25 are provided with an off-set form 26, projectingtabs 21 and a rectangular projecting portion 28 having notches 29. Theassembly is made, preferably, of a metallic composition having lowthermal conductivity and consequently low expansion ratio.

The assembly thus formed is adapted for arrangement within the region ofthe crown portion-of the piston by way of entering the portion 28 of theclosure-bar 25 into the aperture 24 of plate Zlfseatihg the plate 2|'into'the'notch 29 thereby forming a mortise joint for the couple. Theassembly is shown with two plates 2! at Fig.

6 in assembly with the closure bars 25, although one plate 2! would besuflicient. The closurebars 25 are then entered into the slits I6 bywayof seating the closure-bars 25 so that the surface 30 thereof rests uponthe surfaces of the ledges 3|, indicated at Fig. .5, the closure barsthen being slid radially inward ,thereby entering the plate 2| into theslot l'l so' that the arcuate surface23 of the plate 2| contacts thearcuatea st e t i at i its nre-. 0

of the disc l9 as the disc enters the countersunk form I5 in the crown,the projecting tabs 21 are then bent to secure the assembly in lockedengagement with the piston.

Obviously, the slits l6 as formed in the piston divide the crown and theslide body in portions having a yielding capacity radially on axeslocalized within the zone at which the slits terminate in the slidebody, the capacity of resilience to which the portions respondyieldingly-is measured by the axially lengthwise depth given the slitsI6. The closure-bars 25 are incapable of dislocation perpendicularly,being secured by means of the plates 2| within the slots I1 andtheniortise joint formed by the engagement of the plate as seated in thenotches 29. The arcuate surfaces 23 of the plates 2| are formed-tocontactbindingly on the arcuate surfaces l8 formed within the slots 11.Consequently, the yieldability of the portion of the crownand the slidebody and he r eiss hs eh hede the nfluen e e eat i suhieet to. therestra nt p esided y theld se l and the projecting tabs 21' whichpiigijlicting tabs fit snu y w thih the e e -t es-ltl erm ii i the discl9. Expansion inevitably talges place in the y eidehle eti ion oi he pison bu their xpa h s ihteiriih ed dela ed owin to the ow her a eensihetvit 'ef the a sem d ri th. im h 95 1 2??? is exp nd d m u a l equal tothe low thermal expansion of the assernbly. The slits l6 divide the,crown and a in per en of th siide body in e ments, he slits bei i e isetess r it each o t n be wee the s its .ie hiihs e se m nt h vi s e eiyie d ilit Th term and ar an ement i the mem ers o the as embly pro de a.ehe eh he disc l9 and the nreieetine tab e ei dihe t e teel cloure-bars. .25 the t e slate ii i e flukes and their iii etiene ee iehiehee s; in anthe e rei ete su face oi the eei ter -siin ierm '5 o thep rimeters ef si se '9, h eiesi e e the openings [6 is provided by thedisc l9 which also is h insul in he closur -he s .25 r s e insul tinieeesi r eeehs gni htand e closure for t en hi gs, the Pla es 1 pr desealin an in ulat he asse bl .Of cert a e ar an ed. in. esseeisen withhe pist n at e p si o eiihe i mhh ie-- ver efi tiv ness e the own .h esiWheieb feetiye con r f th ldsb e segment is mest powerful.

Hav thus. d sc ibed the invent o it is eh: ious hetthere is r vi ed aeemhusti h en ine pisto of e har-ester. described a d ossessed f the avan a e us ieetuie exp sse es esireit is there o e. to be un erstoo at epi t n is siisceptihi i .m difieet eti in its orm, ro ortions, eta ed-ehs iiet en and arran ieh e e t W th ut de ar n it m he ri io e invol edor seei he hs a y f its advanta es- Th i v ti ha een iese ihe h gu e moe or ess pe ifi es i9 s rhetii si eatures I is to be understood,however, that the invention isnot limited to, the specific details shownbut h the me ns n Iii9t ii he ein di e e ed. omp s s he Pr r d. te m f sveral m e of pi t h the n en on ht ef ee nd e i eh eh her o s him s an0i it ierihs or mediiiee Withi t e l gitimat a d va id co e of h p e d dc a ms- I a n desire to ee ire Lette s atent i he ited S te ei Am a thisihveht eh as, in, and for:

'1. A combus ion en i e eis eh hevi sssiis e body; apertured 'piston'pin bosses, and "a crown for the slide body, openings formed through thecrown, said openings extending part way axially lengthwise through theslide body, said openings dividing the crown and the slide body inportions, and a closure to seal the openings.

2. A combustion engine piston having a slide body, apertured piston pinbosses, and a crown for the slide body, openings formed in the crown andin the slide body, said openings dividing the crown and the slide bodyin portions forming segments, said segments having a yielding capacity,and a closure to seal the openings.

'8. A combustion engine piston having a slide body, apertured piston pinbosses, and a crown for the slide body, oriss-cross slits formed throughthe-brown, said-slits extending part way axially lengthwise tblgugh theslide body, said slits dividing the crown and the slide body in portionsforming segments, said segments having a yielding capacity, and aclosure to seal the slits.

e. A Qmbl1i i9ii 2 en ine: P steh; sa d pist n comprising a sli e, bodyh lving ap r iired pist n i hess s; e --er-ewh er'seid s ide b y, hozontal ets l e hi ei hthesl de' edy, sa d s o s termi et h arenaelyqieitm fa e r ss mss slits out through said enown and extending partay exieli lenethw se th ou h t e slide b d a d its iv di g the renownand h s de body in pe ti hsie h i g segmen s aid segm nts hav i a y di gee-Peeity, and e el su to seal th slits.

,5- A c us ion ngi e pi on s id ist n eemp i in a cr wn heed and a cy ier en agin ide ody having e ertured pi t n i bosses, its cu rough said ee ni said s ts extending part way axially lengthwise through the slidedy aid si tsdirid hg the crown a d the s i ody in rtions ermih segm n s,sa gments ithin said sl ts end pistes enga ed to the ele surerbars.

A eem ustien eng e piston a a i ton o he e eribed, e ihn i's ae own he da i a cylinder. engaging s de may P ovided ith hi ten pin bo ses its e tth eh h the rown head id slits extend ng ert we isiaiiy length s hro ghth s e bee r a d s t idivi i is he crown and the slide in portio havingthe eaeeity to y e d esi eily leeeiized W h n he zon at t es it teifmihee h li ody 'e suie-hers rranged with sa s iatese see d i h h le lir-hersi a di c ehgaged with the. ,clgsuiierbars, and means on said ere tocl m sa d se e said be sa i i A. eemh isiien ehgihe Piston s a piston ofthe class described, comprising aergwn hea an ie eyi ii r l e hedy pride tha e tu e pish piebe ses. a st eeimteh un s e n in saidcrown head,slits cut through said crown portions capacitated to yieldradially' onaxes 16- calized within the zone at which the slits terminate in theslide body, closure-bars arranged in said slits, horizontal slots formedin said slide body, a disc in assembly with said closure-bars, plates inassembly with said bars, said disc, said plates and said closure-barsadapted to provide sealing means for said slits, and means on saidclosure bars adapted to clamp said disc and said plates in mutualengagement.

9. A combustion engine piston having a crown head and a cylinder slidebody provided with apertured piston pin bosses, a counter-sunk surfaceformed in the crown head of said piston, openings formed through saidcrown head, ledges within said opening, said openings extending part wayaxially lengthwise through the slide body, closure-bars arranged withinsaid openings,

said closure-bars seated on said ledges, said closure-bars having anengagement with plates, said closure-bars having engagement with a disc,and means on said closure-bars adapted to secure said disc to theclosure-bars.

10. A combustion engine piston, said piston comprising a crown head andcylinder slide body provided with apertured piston pin bosses,crisscross slits cut through the crown head, said slits extending partway axially lengthwise through the slide body, closure-bars arrangedwithin said slits, notches formed in said closure-bars, projecting tabsformed on the closure-bars, and a disc secured to the closure-bars bymeans of said tabs.

STEPHEN D. HARTOG.

No references cited

